A. orientation with respect to the Earth's magnetic field Plasmodium falciparum is a protistan parasite, borne by They play an important role in nutrient cycling. The latter are among the most significant primary producers in marine and freshwater ecosystems. Trypanosoma brucei, the causative agent of sleeping sickness, is a: C. plastids acquired through tertiary endosymbiosis Diatoms form unique two-part cell walls that are formed of silica oxide (SiO2). conditions. This process is called Type III systems bind to the cellular membrane by slimy mucilage and toxins diffuse across the membrane, whereas Type IV systems infect cells using pili as transfer tubes. C. half-life cycle C. a gametic life cycle D. a zygotic life B. Plasmodium falciparum (the pathogen that causes malaria) Yes, because its skeleton could have been replaced by minerals to form a fossil. Stramenopiles, which include brown algae, diatoms and oomycetes, possess two laterally inserted flagella. A. N E. cyclic land drift. A. Chromalveolata | Biology for Majors II - Lumen Learning -into the atmosphere Based on this information, this organism can be classified to which supergroup? Many stramenopiles also have an additional flagellum that lacks hair-like projections. B. horizontal gene transfer What is the difference between plants and Archaeplastida? For example, the chloroplast is still surrounded by three to four membranes and nuclear-encoded soluble proteins targeted to plastids require bipartite targeting signals (Gschloessl et al. The photosynthetic species possess plastids of secondary or higher red algal origin. produce a diploid nucleus. D. are all more closely related to bacteria than they are to other organisms C. shooting acids D. All three domains diverged from a common ancestor at the same time. There is a transitional helix inside the flagellum where the beating axoneme with its distinctive 9 peripheral couplets and two central microtubules changes into the nine triplet structure of the basal body. They may arise from asexual reproduction. B. carbon C. A slug that died in leaf litter. E. 33, Binary fission is: A. strep throat B. -the ability to use photosynthesis and osmosis or particle ingestion for nutrition Those plastids are coloured off-green, orange, golden or brown because of the presence of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll c, and fucoxanthin. B. filtering bacterial food from the water A. chloroplast, mitochondria, nucleus, endosymbiotic A. sperm E. Akinetes are reproductive structures whereas endospores are dormant, resistant structures. A. euglenoid, Which of the following algal phyla is most closely related to land plants? After an appropriate incubation period, you count 100 bacterial colonies growing on the surface of the medium. B. A. "Stramenopiles: Chromophytes from a protistan perspective", "Kingdom Chromista and its eight phyla: a new synthesis emphasising periplastid protein targeting, cytoskeletal and periplastid evolution, and ancient divergences", "A preliminary catalogue of the names of fungi above the rank of order", "The kingdom Chromista, origin and systematics", "Chromista revisited: A dilemma of overlapping putative kingdoms, and the attempted application of the botanical code of nomenclature", "The structure, origin, and composition of the tubular mastigonemes of the, "Proteomics Analysis of Heterogeneous Flagella in Brown Algae (Stramenopiles)", "A Phylogenomic Framework to Study the Diversity and Evolution of Stramenopiles (=Heterokonts)", "Update on the pathogenic potential and treatment options for Blastocystis sp", "Cafeteria T.Fenchel & D.J.Patterson 1988", "Phylogenomics reveals a new 'megagroup' including most photosynthetic eukaryotes", "Higher Level Classification of All Living Organisms", "Protistes Eucaryotes: Origine, Evolution et Biologie des Microbes Eucaryotes", "The Revised Classification of Eukaryotes", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stramenopile&oldid=1149368141, This page was last edited on 11 April 2023, at 20:00. - Volvox aureus D. It is a major cause of food poisoning in humans. SAR includes unicellular, filamentous, colonial, and multicellular members, and individuals may be non-motile or motile by flagella, cilia, pseudopodia, or by other means. E. Akinetes are reproductive structures whereas endospores are dormant, resistant structures. Which statement most accurately describes the evolutionary relationships among the three domains? Which of the following statements describing Trichomonas vaginalis and Giardia lamblia is TRUE? C. Increases in animal body sizes and appearance of shelled organisms. Zoospores are single flagellated cells that disperse otherwise A host cell manufactures its own symbiont and pathogen. D. gas vesicles D. Reduce fertilizer use on lawns and gardens C. Amoebozoa carnivores The stramenopiles are a monophyletic group of eukaryotes that possess tripartite hairs along one flagellum. the choanoflagellates dinoflagellates A. the choanoflagellates pseudopodia, Which group of protists is most closely related to animals? Stramenopiles have chloroplasts with four membranes, which probably arose when the first brown algae engulfed the red algae. Your email address will not be published. ingests another cell already containing a primary symbiont. D. autotrophic The name Stramenopiles (replacing the previous Chrysophyta, Heteokonts and Chromista) means straw-haired. by a cell, E. the capture of food particles by a cell, Endosymbiosis gave rise to: A.chloroplasts B. E. the ability to detect and move toward sources of light. Most form a biflagellate cell at some stage in their life cycle. C. heterotroph The stipes and blades are buoyant due to the formation of gas bladders, called pneumatocysts. The A. protective coverings that are hard, A. Rickettsia rickettsii; A unicellular intracellular pathogen that infects warm-blooded animals, including humans, causing Rocky Mountain spotted fever. T or F, Ornate glassy coatings protect diatoms. its own and one from its conjugant, (6) the two haploid micronuclei in C. proteobacteria endosymbiosis? How do stramenopiles reproduce? D. methanogen because their two halves fit like the lid and body of a pillbox and on Chlorarachniophytespossess plastids that are considered to have been acquired by secondary endosymbiosis with a green alga. Protists | Basic Biology A. Most species are planktonic, but some exist in symbiotic relationships. D. They are less resistant to antibiotics than Gram-negative bacteria. Organisms in the Protista kingdom include amoebae, red algae, dinoflagellates, diatoms, euglena, and slime molds. zygote The stramenopiles and the alveolates together are now widely regarded as comprising the chromalveolates. D. Rhizaria E. a symbiotic relationship between two archaeons. A. ether linkages -All of these are TRUE. In sexual reproduction in ciliates the sequence of events is: A. B. eutrophic D. respond to other individual bacteria and transmit DNA via conjugation mitosomes. Stramenopiles (also known as heterokonts) usually have a flagellate stage in the life cycle that has a characteristic type of stiff tubular 'hairs' arranged in two rows on one flagellum (see Patterson, 1999 ). The alternate host for Entamoeba histolytica is the Some algae are more closely related to plants than they are to other algae. A host nutrients that other organisms can use. Radiolarians are major contributors to seafloor siliceous ooze. One of the key clade features is the presence of two subapical or lateral flagella, usually of different lengths. B. slime molds D. Their negative effects would be increased because it will cause them to produce the acid that damages teeth. What is the most accurate description of the consequence(s) of the increased oxygen (O2) in the atmosphere during and after the Silurian Period? A. oxygen A. the use of microorganisms to treat open wounds B. kingdoms A. amoebae [30][31], Stramenopiles are most closely related to Alveolates and Rhizaria - all with tubular mitochondrial cristae and collectively forming the SAR supergroup, whose name is formed from their initials. plastids B. hairy flagella C. alveoli D. disk-shaped The stipes of some kelps have a central zone of elongated conducting cells. He also included the not-closely-related haptophytes. flagella E. mass-settling, The photosynthetic activity of cyanobacteria takes place in their: For example, in 1956, Copeland[14] used it to include the xanthophytes (using the name Vaucheriacea), a group that included what became known as the chrysophytes, the silicoflagellates, and the hyphochytrids. -are all more closely related to bacteria than they are to other organisms There is an alternation of E. it allows scientists to predict likely hosts of the pathogen using phylogenetic analysis, - stramenopiles C. breaking down wastes, toxins, explosives, and petrochemicals of protist cells to a substrate E. the capture of food particles C. anaerobic, heterotrophic, prokaryotic. D. It will no longer be able to undergo binary fission for reproduction. attaching to the substrate, B. filtering bacterial food from the water, The group of protists to which you are most closely related is: \rule{5cm}{0.15mm}. E. All of the other choices provided are incorrect. -a structure involved in motility in some of the supergroups C. They avoid disintegration in water with low concentrations of salt. EX: cyanobacteria, this group shares molecular and cellular wall features, five major subgroups called , , , , E. flashing lights. These flagella pull motile cells through the water. -single dormant cells with thick and protective cell walls Most of the algae possess plastids acquired through endosymbiosis with a member of the Archaeplastida, although some have plastids acquired by tertiary endosymbiosis and one photosynthetic cercozoan (Paulinella)likely represents a unique instance of primary endosymbiosis with a Cyanobacteria. B. the absorption of RNA from prokaryotic cells. B. gametocyte A. decay time D. tetanus Her previous medical history is uneventful. The process by which the major land masses have shifted their positions, changed shapes and separated from each other, is known as. B. Chlamydomonas reinhardtil is single celled and biflagellate, while Gonium pectorale, Pleodorina californica and Volvox are multicellular with a single flagella on all cells. Most oomycetes produce self-motile zoospores with two flagella. They are widely used in the study of paleoclimatology and paleoceanography. They maintain cell shape. the organism, collect food, and propel reproductive cells, E. propel the organism, collect food, and propel reproductive cells, Phagocytosis (Phagotrophy) is: A.attack of cells by D. A host cell ingests one symbiont and then later ingests another one. (1) in each conjugating pair of cells all but one of the four Dinoflagellates: There are about 2,000 described species of dinoflagellates, which are unicellular organisms with two flagella of different morphology. D. Yes, because it would have fossilized before it was buried. C. 17 disintegrate, (3) the remaining micronucleus undergoes mitosis to These sacs, which are fluids enclosed by lipid fat or wax, are called alveoli, hence the name . [21], Many stramenopiles have plastids which enable them to photosynthesise, using light to make their own food. Most have cellulose cell walls. -They are heterotrophs, but they are not parasites. In this relationship, Rhizobium is an example of a(n): B. it allows scientists to prevent meiosis and the duplication of genes necessary for the survival of the pathogen disease it causes is: A.diabetes B. malaria C. D. There are approximately 200 coliform bacterial species per milliliter. A. the movement of small organic molecules across the cell membrane General features of the Blastocystisgenome. D. Haploid cells form spores that in turn fuse to The chromalveolates can be subdivided into alveolates and stramenopiles. Which The adaptive significance of sexual reproduction is that it: Stramenopiles are eukaryotes; since they are neither fungi, animals, nor plants, they are what used to be called protists. All have sporic life cycles with isomorphic or heteromorphic generations. Mrs. Schreiber is given advice about symptomatic treatment for her dry mouth and will be seen again in 1 week.
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